Free Essays on My Philosophy

Who am I? My Philosophy of life over the recent long periods of learning â€Å"philosophy,† according to its, is amazingly dubious and befuddling. It very well may be identified with anything to do with thought, observation, and even essential human presence. Nonetheless, over the notes, readings and class conversation I have been a piece of as the months progressed, I discovered that way of thinking is basically the investigation of information. It is likewise portrayed as the adoration for shrewdness. Thus, in further characterizing way of thinking, maybe it is simpler to just state what it could possibly include as opposed to attempting to locate a solid and firm definition. Theory incorporates the investigations of rationale, morals, mysticism, and epistemology. Rationale manages the standards and frameworks of thinking. We find and decipher data by this strategy. Morals includes the standards of ethics and the judgment of â€Å"good† and â€Å"bad† direct. In this present reality where individuals are killing, taking and hurting one another, it’s elusive the positive qualities in individuals now a days. The individuals who are doing these things need assistance. That’s where individuals with great ethics can step in ideally and change the manner in which they think. I believe that individuals are made at first great and afterward go make their own temperament, which is the thing that Plato thought. He accepted that when you are conceived, you are brought into the world with a â€Å"clean slate.† I can concur with this by what I have realized In chapel with my religion, and I feel that anybody that has faith in God can accept this. Presently a few of us have it superior to other, which can truly hurt our odds to do well in this world. On the off chance that you where conceived in an awful neighborhood with a great deal of savagery and medications, at that point hung out all with an awful group, odds are you will end up being a terrible individual. That why these children should be placed the correct way. Aristotle said that everybody lived to be cheerful, that is something that I thoroughly concur with. Despite the fact that various things make various individuals ha... Free Essays on My Philosophy Free Essays on My Philosophy Who am I? My Philosophy of life over the recent long stretches of learning â€Å"philosophy,† according to its, is incredibly ambiguous and confounding. It very well may be identified with anything to do with thought, recognition, and even fundamental human presence. In any case, over the notes, readings and class conversation I have been a piece of as the months progressed, I discovered that way of thinking is essentially the investigation of information. It is likewise portrayed as the adoration for intelligence. Subsequently, in further characterizing way of thinking, maybe it is simpler to just state what it might possibly include instead of attempting to locate a solid and firm definition. Theory incorporates the investigations of rationale, morals, transcendentalism, and epistemology. Rationale manages the standards and frameworks of thinking. We find and decipher data by this strategy. Morals includes the standards of ethics and the judgment of â€Å"good† and â€Å"badâ €  direct. In reality as we know it where individuals are killing, taking and hurting one another, it’s elusive the positive qualities in individuals now a days. The individuals who are doing these things need assistance. That’s where individuals with great ethics can step in ideally and change the manner in which they think. I imagine that individuals are made at first great and afterward go make their own temperament, which is the thing that Plato thought. He accepted that when you are conceived, you are brought into the world with a â€Å"clean slate.† I can concur with this by what I have realized In chapel with my religion, and I imagine that anybody that has confidence in God can accept this. Presently a few of us have it superior to other, which can truly hurt our odds to do well in this world. On the off chance that you where conceived in an awful neighborhood with a great deal of viciousness and medications, at that point hung out all with an awful group, odds are you will end up being a terrible individual. That why these children should be placed the correct way. Aristotle said that everybody lived to be upbeat, that is something that I absolutely concur with. Despite the fact that various things make various individuals ha...

A Literary review of William Shakespeare's play Othello Essay

A Literary survey of William Shakespeare's play Othello - Essay Example He is commendable from multiple points of view, and appears to have had a chaste existence before the intruding of Iago in his relationship with his better half Desdemona. Regardless of all his courageous characteristics, there is one thing that ends up being his ruin: Othello can't liberate himself from the partiality against his religion and race which he faces, and this makes him over-touchy to analysis and excessively rushed in shielding his respect. Iago portrays Othello at the very beginning of the play as â€Å"The Moor† (1.1.39) and Roderigo calls him â€Å"the-thick lips† (1.1.65) before we have gotten an opportunity even to meet him, and this lays everything out of a general public which judges individuals by the shade of their skin. In Shakespearean occasions English crowds would infrequently have seen a dark man, thus this component of contrast would have been something intriguing and maybe additionally a touch of stunning to them as well. Plainly Iago doesn 't care for Othello. The men of Venice presume that he has utilized black magic, which isn't admissible for Christian residents and a Senator asks â€Å"Did you by backhanded and constrained courses/Subdue and toxic substance this youthful maid’s expressions of love/Or came it in response to popular demand and such reasonable inquiry/As soul to soul affordeth? (1.3.111-113) Against such an outrageous proposal, Othello reacts with an answer that would stresses his own boldness and her own openly given love for him: â€Å"She cherished me for the risks I had passed,/And I adored her that she pitied them. This just is the black magic I have used.† (1.3.166-168) Othello needs to resemble the remainder of them, effective in his activity and content with his better half, whom he cherishes. Sadly, this is correctly what Iago despises, on the grounds that Iago is desirous and feels that individuals who are not Venetians and Christians ought not appreciate the advantages of a respectable position. At the point when Iago sets up his arrangement to deceive Othello by imagining that Desdemona is unfaithful, he is focusing on where Othello is generally powerless. His unadulterated and delightful spouse is, to Othello, the most valuable thing in his life. For Othello, Desdemona’s love means acknowledgment in this new world, and her customary honesty and magnificence are simply the characteristics that he can't have, due to his appearance and foundation. Through her, he feels content with the and fruitful finally after numerous long stretches of hardship. This is a sort of pride, yet a great many people would excuse him for this since he is a loyal spouse and obedient worker of the court. One of the fascinating parts of the play is the way that Othello trusts Iago’s allegations, and doesn't trust in the dedication of Desdemona. His response to the allegation is outrageous and he can barely talk before tumbling down in a daze. (4.1.42) His trustwo rthiness and honesty are no utilization to him notwithstanding such trickery, and the alleged information totally overpowers him with the goal that everything he can consider is vengeance. The incongruity of the play is that it is his high good measures, and his connection to respect and obligation that make him so bigoted of assumed betrayal. Toward the finish of the play, when Desdemona is dead and Othello is going to execute himself he attempts to disclose this Catch 22 to himself and to the crowd. He needs to be recognized as he might have been, a man of high respect yet in addition one who committed an unpleasant and vicious error: â€Å"An decent killer, maybe,/For nothing I did in abhor, however all in honour.†

The Risks of Snorting Cacao Powder

The Risks of Snorting Cacao Powder Addiction Addictive Behaviors Print The Risks of Snorting Cacao Powder By Naveed Saleh, MD, MS twitter linkedin Naveed Saleh, MD, MS, is a medical writer and editor covering new treatments and trending health news. Learn about our editorial policy Naveed Saleh, MD, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on January 26, 2020 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 06, 2020 R Tsubin/Getty Images More in Addiction Addictive Behaviors Caffeine Internet Shopping Sex Alcohol Use Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Club goers in Europe and the U.S. are snorting lines of raw cacao powder, used to make chocolate, as well as taking cacao pills and drinking cacao-infused drinks for their latest “natural highs.” Unlike phencyclidine (PCP or angel dust), MDMA (ecstasy or Molly), and cocaine, cacao isn’t considered a controlled substance by the U.S. government; in other words, sniffing cacao isn’t illegal. Furthermore, there’s only scattered and scant research on the neurological effects of cacao and chocolate. In an attempt to contextualize the apparent highs derived from cacao, let’s take a more detailed look at what cacao is composed of as well as the research attempting to explain its effects, vis-à-vis chocolate, on the central nervous system. Composition of Cacao The cacao bean contains more than 50% fat. Other components of cacao include protein and other nitrogen-containing compounds, such as theobromines and caffeine. Between 20 and 25% of the cacao bean is sugar or carbohydrates.?? As any health-conscious person likely knows, cacao is rich in antioxidants, including flavonoids like epicatechin and catechin. When the cacao bean is processed into cocoa powder and chocolate by means of fermentation and roasting, it loses much of its antioxidant content. Cacao contains multifarious other compounds with potential biologic and psychoactive effects including:?? PhenylethylamineSerotoninTryptophanTryptamineTyramineTyrosineAnandamideSalsolinolTetrahydro-b-carbolines Several of these compounds are metabolized by the body before they ever make it to circulation.?? Specifically, the biologic amines serotonin, tryptophan, phenylethylamine, tyramine, tyrosine, and tryptamine are broken down by monoamine oxidases in the kidneys, liver, and intestines. (People who are deficient in monoamine oxidases must avoid chocolate so as not to develop headaches and high blood pressure.) Potential Cognitive Effects of Snorting Cacao Powder It’s a stretch to call cacao or chocolate a drug. However, because chocolate cravings are somewhat similar to symptoms of substance dependence, some researchers have been inspired to examine the mechanistic effects of chocolate on the brain.?? Anandamide Compounds: Two analogs of anandamide are found in chocolate. These anandamide analogs are similar to cannabinoids (marijuana) and may result in euphoria. Instead of directly causing euphoria, however, these anandamide compounds exert a more circuitous effect by inhibiting the breakdown of endogenous anandamide  which are already produced in the body.?? Serotonin Effects: Serotonin moderates a number of physiological processes in the body, including sleep, impulse control, and appetite.?? For a long time, experts hypothesized that serotonin linked food cravings and mood and that craving for chocolate and carbohydrates somehow sated serotonin deficienciesâ€"especially in those people who are depressed.?? In fact, studies involving people with seasonal affective disorder and atypical depression somewhat support this hypothesis.?? Nevertheless, the phenomenon of chocolate craving as a biological response to depression is most obviously undercut by the fact that many people with melancholic depression don’t crave food at all. Another reason the hypothesis that chocolate consumption is linked to serotonin and positive mood may be flawed has to do with research that suggests serotonin levels are raised only after consumption of foods that are less than two percent protein; calorically, chocolate is five percent protein.?? Research published in 2013 also suggests that the mood benefits of chocolate and carbohydrates occur independently of serotonin, suggesting that these mood benefits are likely much more complex than can be explained by serotonin alone.?? Opioid Effects: People who are dependent on heroin and other opioids often crave sweets like chocolate.?? Additionally, other physical states including pregnancy, menstruation, alcohol dependence, and eating disorders also change endogenous, or intrinsic, opioid levels in the body. These associations have led experts to suggest that opioids and chocolate are associated in some way. Research from 2010 tends to support this hypothesis. Specifically, endorphins, which are opioids, are released after eating delicious foods like chocolate. Moreover, the release of such endorphins after eating chocolate or something else that’s sweet and palatable appears to produce analgesia, or pain relief, as well as mood elevation.?? Moreover, the analgesic effect of sweet stuff like sugar solutions and chocolate can be reversed by naltrexone, an opioid antagonist which is also given to people who experience heroin opioid dependence.?? Catechin and Epicatechin: The flavonoids catechin and epicatechin present in cacao rapidly make their way into circulation after consumption of chocolate. Furthermore, based on animal studies, epicatechin and catechin cross the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in the brain. This accumulation of flavonoids may exert beneficial cognitive effects.?? Cerebral Blood Flow: In order for our brains to function well, we need good cerebral blood flow or circulation. Proper cerebral circulation is necessary to supply glucose and oxygen to the brain and clear waste products. Research suggests that cacao, wine, grapes, berries, tomatoes, and soy are all polyphenol-rich foods that promote vasodilation of brain blood vessels and thus enhance brain circulation. These brain effects may help explain improved motivation, attention, concentration, memory, visual tasks, and other cognitive and cerebral benefits of cacao.?? Interestingly, flavonoids present in cacao may also decrease blood-vessel endothelial senescence in those who eat it, suggesting anti-aging effects. In other words, chocolate may help make your brain younger. Flavonoids may also protect neurons from damage caused by neurotoxins, reduce inflammation of neurons, and improve learning, memory, and cognitive function.?? Dopamine Effects: People no longer eat predominantly to satisfy energy deficits but rather eat mostly for pleasure. If you’ve ever had dessert at a restaurant after stuffing yourself on appetizers and the main course, you may agree. The mesolimbic dopaminergic system is involved in the effects of drugs of misuse. Consumption of cacao and chocolate may also activate the body’s dopamine receptors.?? This activation is likely not specific to chocolate per se and caused by the consumption of other foods, too. The Link Between Chocolate and Mood In one research study funded by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council and a grant from Pfizer, Australian researchers examined chocolate craving in people with depression, atypical depression, and certain personality traits (neuroticism). Hyperphagia, or excess eating, is a prominent symptom in those with atypical depression.?? Researchers analyzed online survey responses from 2692 participantsâ€"soliciting data on depressive symptoms, demographics, treatments of depressive episodes, personality constructs, and whether chocolate was craved when depressed. All survey respondents were more than 18 years old, with the average age being 40 years old. Research participants experienced depressive symptoms for two or more weeks. About 71% of the survey respondents were women, 74% had taken antidepressant medications in the past, and 78% had received counseling or other forms of psychotherapy. Among survey respondents, 54% reported food cravings, with 45% craving chocolate specifically. Additionally, among those respondents who craved chocolate, 61% attested to the capacity of chocolate to improve their mood. Chocolate cravers also said that chocolate made them feel less annoyed and anxious. Researchers also found that chocolate was craved by people with neuroticism and that chocolate craving was indicative of atypical depression. Although results from this study generally point to the improved mood among people who consume cacao-derived chocolate, there are some issues that limit the applicability and generalizability of these findings. First, the results of this study were self-reported and not validated by the researchers. Second, the participants had depression and possibly neuroticism, and the researchers didn’t examine people without depression and neuroticism. In other words, these results don’t automatically apply to people without depression or possibly neuroticism. Presumably, many club-goers who snort cacao don’t have depression or neuroses. What It All Means We might never know exactly whether the “natural high” experienced after snorting lines of cacao is, in fact, specific to chocolate or a placebo effect. According to the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI): “The placebo effect is defined as a physiological response following the administration of a pharmacologically inert ‘remedy.’ The word placebo means ‘I will please,’ and the placebo effect has a long history of use (and abuse) in medicine. The reality of the effect is undisputed.”?? Research suggests that cacao and chocolate do exert some mood and cognitive effects. The mechanism of such activity likely involves various neurotransmitters and so forth. In other words, there’s probably no one single reason why these substances elevate mood.??     There are issues, however, with the claim that snorting cacao is natural. Except for your fingers, sticking anything up your nose is unnatural and, unless directed by your physician, refrain from snorting anything. Even over-the-counter (OTC) nasal decongestants can have adverse effects if used excessivelyâ€"notably the development of rebound congestion which can result in a vicious cycle of dependence for the user.?? A couple of concerns that come to mind when people snort foreign substances are inflammation and infection. Foreign substances introduced into the respiratory tract can cause inflammation that, in turn, can predispose a person to infection.?? If a person often engages in late-night clubbing, drinking, illicit drug use, and cacao sniffing, the immune system can get run down and predisposed to respiratory infection, especially in the presence of inflammation.   Please note that these concerns are specific to sniffing cacao and don’t necessarily apply to cacao pills or cacao-infused drinks, which apparently also lead to anecdotal highs. Nevertheless, it’s always best to use caution whenever you buy something novel and unregulated.